The current trend shows that more people are getting into agriculture, aside just getting into agriculture to produce for local consumption and make money from the sector, some agriculture businessmen are also producing to export their agricultural produce.
Today, we will talk on Sesame Seed and why you should consider doing a business in Sesame business.
So what is Sesame? According to Wikipedia, “Sesame is a flowering plant in the genus Sesamum, also called benne”. it can be found in temperate and tropical regions of the world. It is highly tolerant to drought and can grow where other crops fail.
Sesame seed is one of the world’s oldest oilseed crop ever known, spanning over 3000 years. It is protected with a coat which is fibrous in nature and its variety comes in two colorations which could be brown and white.
Sesame has one of the highest oil contents of any seed and it is between 44%-60%. The Sesame seed is cultivated twice in a year, the first planting is usually done between April and May and the second planting is done between August and September. Based on the period of cultivating, the first harvesting is between July and August while the second harvesting is between November and December.
The seed is an important source of vegetable oil, which contains no Cholesterol. It can also be used in the pharmaceutical, cosmetics, and confectionery industries.
In identifying your buyers, it is important to know what your buyers (in different regions) call it. Whilst the global name is Sesame, the Indians call it” till”, In western and eastern Africa, it is called “benniseed” and “simsim” respectively. Back in Nigeria, the northerners call it “Ridi”; in Benue state, the Tivs, Idomas, and Igalas call it “Ishwa”, “Ocha” and “Igogo” respectively. The Yorubas refer to it as “Ekuku” or “Eeku”.
All around the world, there are 4.8 million tonnes of Sesame seed produced. In Africa, Nigeria is the seventh (7th), largest produce after Ethiopia and Sudan. The top importers are China, Turkey, Japan, South Korea, and Isreal.
Nigeria currently produces about 300,000 tonnes of Sesame Seed, the largest producing state include Nassarawa, Jigawa, Benue, and Taraba state
If you are thinking of going into farming and exporting Sesame Seed, you should start with learning to understand the best practices and how to get improved seeds. If you want to own the farm rather than buy directly from the farmer, then it will be better to site your farm in Taraba State with its two farming cycles a year. It is important to note that Taraba state is the only state with this unique feature as mentioned above. You can also have farms in Jigawa, Niger, and Bauchi.
When you want to get a land, think of space to production ratio. It is advisable to get a hectare of land that can produce between 1-1.5 tonnes of Sesame Seed. You will also do Land preparation, seeds, fertilizer planting, and harvesting. You can either do your planting with a mechanical planter in ridges or by broadcasting on plain land. For a hectare of land, you will require 4kg f seed, 4 bags of NPK and 1 bag of urea.
As you already know, there is an available local and international market, Nigeria Sesame Seed are majorly exported to India, Japan, China, and Turkey. In Europe, countries like Poland and The Netherlands receives Nigerian Sesame Seed but in small quantities. The Middle East has started to show interest in Nigeria’s Sesame Seed and we should expect an increase in demand from the UAE, Saudi Arabia, and Kuwait.